Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Sola Scriptura


16 All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, 17 that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.
2 Timothy 3:16-17

20 knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone’s own interpretation. 21 For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.
2 Peter 1:20-21


The doctrine of the Scripture is one of the most difficult doctrines to ponder, understand, and discuss.  There are things that can only be accepted by faith in order to proceed further.  Without accepting the “basic assumptions” set by Scripture itself and believed through faith given by God, we won’t get what the Scripture says.  John Calvin commented on this most famous Pauline passage, saying:
In order to assert its authority, Paul teaches that it is God-breathed, for if that is so, it is beyond all question that people should receive it with reverence. This is the principle that distinguishes our religion from all others, that we know that God has spoken to us and that we are certain that the prophets did not just speak for their own time, but as instruments of the Holy Spirit they uttered only what they had been told to say from heaven. Anyone who wants to benefit from the Scriptures must first of all accept this as a settled principle, that the Law and the Prophets are not teachings handed down at the whim of men or produced by human minds, but are dictated through the Holy Spirit. If anyone objects to this and asks how this can be, my answer is that it is through the revelation of the same Spirit both to students and to teachers that God is made known as its Author.[1]
This leads to the next basic assumption that the Scripture is authoritative over our life.  Francis Schaeffer and J. P. Moreland pointed out this basic assumption as held by the Reformation:
For the Reformation, final and sufficient knowledge rested in the Bible—that is, Scripture Alone, in contrast to Scripture plus anything else parallel to the Scriptures, whether it be the church or a natural theology.[2]
The Scripture is then holding the final authority over the life of humankind.  And the Scripture here is the Scripture in its final form as we know it today – 39 books of the Old Testament and 27 Books of the New Testament, 66 books in all, no more no less.
            Peter’s sharp argument supported Paul’s teaching very strongly that the Scripture did not find its source in humans.  But that the main source is God Himself who spoke through humans in the Holy Spirit.  In this way, thus, we ought not to treat the Scripture like any other books produced by humans.  Up to this point we must be well acquainted with the Doctrine of God.  Because we can’t honor the Scripture properly if we do not understand who God really is.
            Now, I will assume that all of you here today know God.  That He is the Creator.  He is the Supreme Being that controls the entire universe even to the minute detail.  That He is King in its truest sense, in which His commands must not be rejected or else.  God holds the supreme authority over everything in the entire world, heaven and earth.  Before God all beings tremble.  James 2:19 speaks:
You believe that God is one; you do well.  Even the demons believe—and shudder!
Yes, even the demons tremble before God.  It would be absurd if human beings do not tremble before God.  Know, then, that the Scripture is God’s words.  His commands there must not be rejected or else.  His teachings there must not be ignored.  The Scripture, in the grace and mercy of God, is intentionally written for all of us humans so we may know Him, His wisdom, His will, and His purpose.
            Therefore, no other books, or writings, can be compared with the Scripture.  The Scripture stands tall above all other writings.  And no, not even science can stand toe to toe with the Scripture.  For all other knowledge is inferior compared to the Scripture.  With these basic assumptions we must approach the Scripture, so we may treat it with our utmost respect.  Whoever treats the Scripture disrespectfully in any way will be held accountable by God Himself who is the Author of the entire Scripture.  Please heed the warnings spoken at the end of the Scripture, Revelation 22:18-19 says:
18 I warn everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: if anyone adds to them, God will add to him the plagues described in this book, 19 and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God will take away his share in the tree of life and in the holy city, which are described in this book.
Sola Scriptura, the Scripture Alone, no additional things, no tradition, no philosophy, no science, no other knowledge can be put side by side with the Scripture.  And we should not take away what rightfully belongs to the Scripture, be it is content or its honor.
            Now, with this settles, though not comprehensive, we can proceed to the next teaching in 2 Timothy 3:16-17.  In verse 16 Paul states that the Scripture that is breathed out by God is “profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness.  Paul spells out the benefits of the Scripture for humankind.  The first benefit is teaching.  The second is reproof.  The third is correction.  And the fourth is training in righteousness.  The secret of the purpose of the four benefits can be found in verse 17: “17 that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.  Those people chosen by God are to be made complete, and their being complete has something to do with them doing every good work.  This is not any good work, but it is the special kind of good work as mentioned by Paul in Ephesians 2:10: “10 For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.  Special because God’s elect can’t be found outside of Christ.
            Even though this passage points specifically to those elected by God in Christ to be saved for all eternity, understanding that all humans are actually created in the image of God (Genesis 1:26-27), who is Christ (Colossians 1:15), no one therefore may be exempted from its charge, in which all humans must do good works that is modeled in Christ.  Now, with that being said, the elect is given that special privilege in Christ to receive all the benefits of the Scripture, because through God’s grace and the gift of faith they repent of their meaningless way of life upon God’s conviction of their sins, return to God by accepting Jesus Christ as their savior, and obey the Lord in their transformation to be like Christ.  The benefits of the Scripture to teach, reproof, correct, and train in righteousness can then be effected in the elect.  Through the process of the progressive sanctification all the four benefits are applied, so that we all as God’s elect are made complete, equipped to do every good work that God has prepared for us in Christ Jesus.
            Thus teaching God’s elect never ends as long as we all live.  This is what the church does primarily for God’s people.  The preaching of the sermon every Sunday worship service, the preaching of the sermon in any given service – be it in Christian fellowship or in any other special worship services, is one form of the first benefit.  The discussion of God’s word in every opportunity like in a Bible study, or a cell group meeting, or in spiritual training and seminar, or in catechism class of any sort, is another form of the first benefit.  Teaching is almost in all Christian life.  The main thrust is that the teaching is not from any other source, but from the Scripture.  This is the most important thing.
            The second benefit follows the teaching, which is reproof.  To point out mistakes Christians make finds its source also from the Scripture as the final governing authority.  Ever since the fall we all are confused as to which is morally right or wrong.  We long for standard, yet we are confused which standard of life to adopt.  There are many philosophies, many ideas, many teachings, in this world, and we find ourselves overwhelmed by the pressures and appeals of so many attractive teachings out there.  But the Scripture is given by God to solve that problem.  You can imagine the Scripture is like our GPS.  If we arrive in a city we know nothing about, and we are lost in that city, we need some kind of direction.  GPS helps us by showing that if we go on the street not suggested by the GPS there is a good chance we might be on the wrong path.  In that case, GPS shows us our mistakes.  The difference between GPS and the Scripture is that GPS might be wrong too, but the Scripture can’t be wrong.  This discussion falls under the heading of the Inerrancy and Infallibility of the Scripture.  But we won’t have time to discuss about that matter here.
            The third benefit is that the Scripture is useful to correct our life, be it our thinking, feeling, or behavior.  The Indonesian translation directly translates to “behavioral correction.”  The Greek word is “ἐπανόρθωσις” which simply means correction or improvement.  Thus it is better to not limit the meaning of this only to behavioral correction, since other aspects of our life must also be corrected according to the Scripture.  In order to correct the mind, the heart, and the action, one must know the right one.  If merely pointing out the mistakes, we will still be lost if we don’t know the right thing.  Imagine a math teacher teaching first grade student about addition.  The teacher writes on the board a math problem for the students to solve.  2+2=….  Imagine none of the students know how to do addition.  So none know how to solve the math problem.  One by one tries to solve it.  The first student says 100.  The teacher says wrong.  The next says 10.  Again the teacher says wrong.  Until all the students try, none got it right.  Yet the teacher never teaches the students what the right answer is.  The students would go home frustrated and still not knowing what the right answer to the math problem is.  The Scripture is unlike that teacher.  Instead, the Scripture provides the right answer, including the model for the more complex problems.
            Fourthly, the training in righteousness or the educating in righteousness.  The Greek word is “παιδεία” which BDAG (A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature) describes as “the act of providing guidance for responsible living, upbringing, training, instruction.[3]  Or it is also translated as discipline.  The hardest part of discipline is to get the person to jump from external discipline to the internal discipline.  External discipline uses external forces, be it rewards or punishment, in order to encourage the person to adopt the good and abandon the bad.  When the external forces are absent, the person either will continue the bad or neglect the good.  However, internal discipline always there.  It doesn’t need any external force to encourage the person at all.  He/she will always adopt the good and abandon the bad.  This is the secret of education.  However, putting it into practice is the problem.
Righteousness is not something you can adopt because of stimulation from either rewards or punishment.  Because if one adopts righteousness because there is a reward for doing so or abandons unrighteousness because there is punishment if one continues to be unrighteous, then he/she has already being unrighteous.  True righteousness requires internal discipline.  We adopt righteousness because it is right, not because there is a reward for doing so.  Consider this, if say Ferdinand appears to be righteous in what he thinks, feels, and does.  He helps his mom washing the dishes every day.  All his relatives and friends praise him for being a good son.  He appears righteous.  However, mom knows better, for Ferdinand will not lay a hand to wash the dishes unless he is promised the Samsung Galaxy Note 10.  So, day in and day out Ferdinand washes the dishes because his eyes are on the Samsung Galaxy Note 10.  The question is: “Is Ferdinand truly a good son?”  “Is Ferdinand righteous?”
Now, the Scripture is useful in the discipline of righteousness.  The word of God fits perfectly with our entire being because we are created in the image of God, Jesus Christ, who Himself is the Logos – the Very Word of God.  We know it within our heart that the word of God refreshes our spirit.  To go against the word of God is like kicking against a sharp knife.  The fitness of our redeemed life with the word of God is the path of the internal discipline in righteousness.  Another mystery strength God has endowed us with, which is Jesus Christ Himself.  He dwells in us, and so we are enabled to live a righteous life.  Paul in his suffering was able to continue to live righteously because of Christ Jesus.  He testifies in Philippians 4:13 saying: “13 I can do all things through him who strengthens me.”
When all these four benefits of the Scripture work optimally in our life, we then shall be equipped to do every good work that God has prepared for us to do in Christ Jesus.
Let me tell you a short story of Pastor John.  Pastor John has been a pastor for more than 30 years.  He retired from his parish ministry about a decade ago.  I took the liberty to adapt Pastor John’s real life experience in order to what we have contemplated all morning in a very practical way.  Pastor John was a good pastor.  He counseled a lot of parishioners in his ministry.  As a man he faced many temptations, especially in his counseling and dealing with women.  Pastor John admitted that he, at times, would feel a very strong romantic attraction to a woman, who was not his wife.  But Pastor John knew that such romantic attraction was not to be followed up by furthering his actions toward the attractive woman.  He knew what happened to David and Bathsheba.  He knew that God commanded: “Do not commit adultery.”  He also remembered how Joseph rejected such temptation from Potiphar’s wife by being faithful to God.  Then he remembered Jesus’ golden rule in Matthew 7:12: “12 So whatever you wish that others would do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets.  The teaching of the Scripture was in his mind and heart.  It gave him a warning of the potential actions he could take.  It corrected his potentially wrong thought, inclination of feeling, and even his flirtatious action toward the woman.  And it disciplined him in righteousness by continuously speaking in his heart and mind of God’s command, of the ruin of David, and of the model of Joseph who remained faithful.  And so, clinging to the Scripture, Pastor John disciplined himself.  This is what he did in his own words:
when I am overly attracted to a person of the opposite sex, I try to immediately turn that thought into a prayer, thanking God for the beauty of that person, reminding myself that she is somebody’s wife, somebody’s mother, somebody’s sister, or somebody’s daughter.[4]
And this is the content of Pastor John’s prayer:
‘Dear Lord, help me to think of her and treat her the way I would want any other man to think of and treat my mother, my wife, my sister, or my daughters.’[5]
Pastor John then concluded:
A strange thing happens. I can acknowledge the beauty and channel it in healthful directions.[6]
As Pastor John submitted himself under the authority of the Scripture, he then walked in the obedient and faithful path as God’s child.  Pastor John was equipped to do every good work in Christ.  In that instance, he did what was right.
            Brothers and sisters, how about us?  Scripture Alone is the final authority in our life.  Do not add anything to it.  Do not take away anything from it.  Abide by it, and we shall live properly before the Lord.  We can be creative like Pastor John in our life by faithfully clinging to the Scripture.  But such feat wouldn’t be reached if we do not faithfully read, contemplate, and put into practice the word of God in our life.  So I’m encouraging you today to read the Scripture daily, to contemplate on it day and night, to listen to good sermons that explain the Scripture faithfully, to seriously attempt to do its teachings in our everyday life.  Amen.


[1] John Calvin, 1, 2 Timothy and Titus, Crossway Classic Commentaries (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 1998), 155.
[2] Francis A. Schaeffer and J. P. Moreland, Escape from Reason (Westmont, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2014).
[3] William Arndt, Frederick W. Danker, and Walter Bauer, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 748.
[4] John A. Huffman Jr., The Family You Want: How to Build an Authentic, Loving Home (Fearn, UK: Christian Focus Publications, 2001), 84.
[5] Ibid.
[6] Ibid.

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